Argues that after the surrender of the three friaries, nunnery, and abbey of Chester to the King's commissioners in 1538 and 1540, a gradual, rather than a revolutionary change in the urban landscape seems to have occurred. There was rebuilding before the Dissolution, and at the lesser religious houses the ideal of an exclusive precinct had already eroded and the nature of the service they provided had changed. After the Dissolution the disposal of large tracts of land afforded the opportunity of spacious development, resulting in a distinctive character still traceable today. The abbey was refounded as a cathedral. Although the great church continued in use, the change in function and loss of resources led to changes in the structure. However, a surprising degree of communal life survived. ;