Demonstrates how the selection and arrangement of objects in the galleries of Dublin's Industrial Exhibition of 1853 manifested Ireland's unique cultural history. Privileging of the fine arts, and especially the inclusion of ancient high crosses, helped visitors to visualize a collective national identity. Watercolor illustrations by James Mahony provide evidence of how works were displayed and the scale of the exhibition. At the close of the exhibition, replicas of the crosses were made for a variety of contexts, including tombstones, and other exhibitions in Ireland and abroad as emblems of Irishness. ;